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![]() Pricked edge in Liber Medicinalis, 1450 Unfilled ruling in Liber Medicinalis, 1450 To create a thin smooth surface for writing the laborious work of parchment-making included steps to stretch, scrape, clean, and treat the skin before cutting to size and sending to the scribes as sheets. ![]() Although the use of paper in bookmaking had increased by the 1450s, this manuscript was written on softened, untanned calfskin known as vellum, or more broadly as parchment-a term that also includes the skin of goat and sheep. Preparing the Parchment Detail showing follicles in the parchment of Liber Medicinalis, 1450īefore these scribes put a pen to the page, the design and layout was planned and the writing surface was prepared, a process based on the book’s intended purpose. For instance, the second scribe chose to pen flourish letters in the top lines with heads in profile, decorations that were also added in the fourth section (leaves 389–460). Based on unique variations in the writing of the individuals, he and a second scribe (leaves 379–388) are likely to have written later sections as well. The first scribe (leaves 1–78) was a calligrapher active in Bruges during the 1450s named Willelmus de Predio, who is identified on leaf 78. At least three different “hands” (another term for scribes) wrote the five sections of the Liber medicinalis. To speed the process, the work was often distributed amongst multiple scribes who worked concurrently on different sections. Production of just one book could take months or even years. For any scribe of this period, the first step was the completion of a lengthy apprenticeship to gain mastery of this often grueling and tedious work. Scribes Flourishes in Liber Medicinalis, 1450Īs demand for books increased in the later medieval period, scribal work expanded outside of the monastery to include secular, professional scribes. How could lettering so small and consistent possibly have been handwritten? In short, the answer is a lot of preparation and teamwork. After the original clasps are released from the edge of the sixteenth century brown calf binding, the cover is opened to reveal the beautiful gold leaf of the ornamental initial and the tiniest script in Gothic book hand on the vellum page, often mistaken at first for printed text. No matter how often this early manuscript is pulled to display for tours, it never ceases to amaze all who gaze upon it, not only for the significance of its content but for its physical features. Used for centuries as the standard textbook for physicians, the Canon was described by William Osler as “a medical bible.” Within the five extensive books are important contributions to fields like neuroscience and drug research. Ibn Sīnā, also known as Avicenna, was a Persian physician and polymath who first wrote the Canon in 1025, an encyclopedic work that is revered as one of the most influential books on medicine. ![]() In honor of National Handwriting Day, we recognize the craft of the highly-skilled medieval scribes and artists who meticulously copied and illuminated the fifteenth-century Liber medicinalis (or The Book of Medicine), a Latin translation of selected portions of al– Qānūn fī al-t ibb by Ibn Sīnā held at the National Library of Medicine. ![]() By Krista Stracka ~ Detail of lettering in Liber Medicinalis, 1450 ![]() ![]() ![]() GitHub hosts cloud-based services for Git repositories. You can also learn GitHub for free online. The program is created with beginners in mind and can also help the individuals who want to know more about the Git directory. You will be able to work proficiently with the directory at the end of the course. The free Git certificate course offered by Great Learning will take you through various objectives behind the development of the tool, its goals, structure, data structures, and various other aspects that make it a working software. Packfile: This object is a zlib version compressed of several other objects. Tag: This object is a container that holds a reference to the other objects. Tree: It is an object equivalent to the directory.Ĭommit: It is an object that links the tree object to history. The object database includes five types of objects. The index serves as a connection between the object database and the working tree. The other is an immutable, append-only object database. ![]() It caches the data about the working directory and the next revision to be committed. Git mostly has two data structures: a mutable index, which is also called stage or cache. These features mainly were created as needed and then refined and extended over time. From the initial design approach, Git developed the complete set of characteristics expected of a traditional SCM. ![]() Git’s primitive data structures are not inherently a source-code management system. Conventional approaches were deliberately avoided, leading to unique designs being influenced by the BitKeeper. The base of the Git project has become a complete version-control system ever since and also can be used directly. It was built on the top of the tool, which other developers could write on the front-end like Cogito or StGIT. Git was designed originally as a low-level version-control system engine. It had to contain a robust safeguard against corruption, either accidental or malicious. It had to support a distributed and a BitKeeper-like workflow. The exact opposite has to be decided to be implemented if ambiguity arises. They are:Ĭoncurrent Version Systems (CVS) were taken as an example of what not to do. The development of Git had three goals set. It is free, open-source software distributed under a GPL-2.0-only license. It is independent of network access or a central server. It is unlike most of the other client-server systems. Every Git directory on the system is a full-fledged repository with the whole history and complete version tracking abilities like most of the other distributed version control systems. Its primary purpose was to build Linux Kernel in association with other Kernel developers contributing to the initial phase of development. Git was developed by Linus Torvalds in 2005. The goals include speed, data integrity, and support for distributed and non-linear workflows that incorporate thousands of parallel branches running on different systems. It is usually used to coordinate work amongst the developers collaboratively program source code in the software development. Git is an open-source and free software used to track the changes in a set of documents. ![]() ![]() Mando’s next stop is Kalevala, a planet in the Mandalore system, where he finds in its throne room Bo-Katan. He picks off several of them using very nifty maneuvers, only to realize that Vane had led him into the crosshairs of pirate king Gorian Shard (played by Nonso Anozie of Zoo and Sweet Tooth) and his own mighty cruiser - though Mando manages to hyperdrive outta there before they fire upon him. After Mando and Greef barely KO IG-11, Greef has some Babu Frik-like Anzellans do their best to fix the droid, but they need a specific part - which Mando sets out to locate.Īfter departing Nevarro, Mando in the course of schooling Grogu on how to pilot the Starfighter (foreshadowing?) sees that Vane and several not-dead pirate pals are in pursuit. No, all he wants right now is… IG-11, the bounty hunter droid he briefly teamed up with to find the Child in the series premiere! IG-11 now exists as a town square statue/droid remnants hybrid, so Mando at first takes his own crack at powering back up the torso - only to have it madly lunge, Terminator-like, at its last target, Grogu. Greef offers Mando the job of marshal, since Cara Dune’s derring-do in the course of capturing Moff Gideon got her bumped up to Special Forces ( read more on Gina Carano’s exit from the series), but Din passes. A firefight ensues, and Greef and Mando leave only Vane standing. Greef does his best to make peace, but Vane and his pirate pals insist on having a drink at their old haunt. Their meeting is cut short by some trouble being caused by pirates outside Nevarro’s cantina-turned-school. Mando, though, explains that he has new, pressing business to tend to. Greef offers his friend a plum parcel of land outside of the newly built-up “gem of the Outer Rim” and a sweet life as a landed gentry. Mando’s next stop is Nevarro, where he is warmly greeted by High Magistrate Greef Karga. ![]() Clocking the artifact that was obtained by a traveler who safely visited Mandalore, the Armorer signs off on Din’s redemption mission. Din voices his resolve to redeem himself by bathing in the living waters beneath the mines of Mandalore - and to that end, he proffers physical evidence that their home world was not in fact forever poisoned by the ruthless assaults of the Purge. Din’s saving of bacon, alas, curried him no favor with the Armorer, who maintained that he is “a Mandalorian no more,” due to voluntary helmet-removal stuff. ![]() ![]() Find a nearby Independent AMSOIL Dealer or retailer using the AMSOIL Locator. Getting products for your 2010 Chevrolet COBALT couldn’t be easier. You will receive an immediate savings on products for your 2010 Chevrolet COBALT.įind an AMSOIL Dealer or Retailer Near You membership to your cart before checking out. Becoming a Preferred Customer earns you savings, points on purchases and more. With free shipping on orders over $100, and an average 25% savings for Preferred Customers, shopping online is the fastest way to get AMSOIL products to your doorstep. Shop online and get your products in 3 business days or less. ![]() Protect your vehicle’s transmission from wear, sludge and temperature-related problems and drive with confidence. AMSOIL transmission fluids offer the best protection for your Chevrolet COBALT, even in the most severe driving conditions. Using a properly formulated transmission fluid for your Chevrolet COBALT can protect your vehicle from costly problems down the road. Hear from more than 6,000 customers who have experienced AMSOIL lubricants. Also, check out our customer reviews on to make the best choice for your Chevrolet COBALT. We produce the synthetic motor oil, oil filter, transmission fluid, gear lube and grease for a complete fluid change – everything to keep your Chevrolet COBALT running smoothly for the long haul.ĪMSOIL products are subjected to rigorous third-party, industry-standard testing so you can rest assured you’re getting maximum protection. Whether it’s extreme temperatures, long commutes, towing, hauling, the added stress of a turbocharger or you’re simply extending the time between oil changes, our motor oils will keep your 2010 Chevrolet COBALT protected. Protect your Chevrolet COBALT in any driving condition with our specially formulated motor oils. How good are they? Our synthetic motor oils blow the doors off the highest industry standards. check those pips for wear, as well as the lower portion of the radiator where the transmission cooler is (most likely part of the engine radiator).AMSOIL synthetic lubricants are the solution for drivers who want the most from their 2010 Chevrolet COBALT. The transmission fluid will have two pipes coming out of it going towards the radiator. The car might have to be running when you check it, refer to the owners manual for the correct procedure. Check the level, if it's low, add in more. You need to seriously check the fluid level, and make sure there are no leaks (as it sounds like you have a leak for it to have come out). ![]() This very much sounds like low transmission fluid. You say that when you accelerate the rpm's jump up. When you stick it in park, it might free up some fluid in the box, that allows more to flow into the torque converter just to get you going. Auto transmissions also have lots of internal piping, when selecting park or drive or reverse, all sorts of valves open and close inside to divert the fluid to different parts of the box. If you are low, well it makes the job a lot harder. If you have no transmission fluid, you have no way to transfer that torque. This devices basically pushes transmission fluid from a spinning part on the engine side, to the other part that connects to the auto box. An auto transmission receives 100% of the motor's drive through a part called the torque converter. ![]() ![]() This results in low numbers of particles in a given space. ▸ Are closely packed, in a free arrangement.Įxplanation: Particles have high energy and virtually no attraction between them therefore they are free to move apart. Particles in liquids: ▸ Have medium kinetic energy. ▸ Are closely packed, in a fixed arrangement. ▸ Are very strongly attracted to each other. Particles in solids: ▸ Have low kinetic energy. How are particles in solids attracted to each other? Evaporation is sometimes confused with boiling. Brownian motion is the random movement of fluid particles. There are energy changes when changes in state occur. The kinetic particle theory explains the properties of solids, liquids and gases. How does the kinetic particle theory explain state changes? When a solid is heated the particles gain energy and start to vibrate faster and faster. Even though they are vibrating this is not enough to disrupt the structure. In a solid the strong attractions between the particles hold them tightly packed together. If it is cooled the motion of the particles decreases as they lose energy. What happens to the motion of particles in a solid? Processes in which matter changes between solid and gaseous states are sublimation and deposition. Processes in which matter changes between liquid and gaseous states are vaporization, evaporation, and condensation. Which changes of state occur between solids and gases? The particles are held together too strongly to allow movement from place to place but the particles do vibrate about their position in the structure. In a solid, the particles pack together as tightly as possible in a neat and ordered arrangement. When thermal energy is added to a substance, its temperature increases, which can change its state from solid to liquid (melting), liquid to gas (vaporization), or solid to gas (sublimation). How does energy affect the state particles are in? Gas particles move about freely, so gases fill their containers. Liquid particles move more loosely, so they can take the shape of their containers. Particles in a solid vibrate in place, so solid substances are rigid. The particle motion determines the state of matter, and each state behaves differently. How does the movement of particles affect the state of matter? In the solid the particles vibrate in place. Their vibration is related to their kinetic energy. Solid � In a solid, the attractive forces keep the particles together tightly enough so that the particles do not move past each other. How does particle movement affect a solid? Further heating provides more energy until the particles start to break free of the structure. Initially the structure is gradually weakened which has the effect of expanding the solid. How does particle movement and energy affect a solid? 7 Why are particles free to move in space?.6 How does the kinetic particle theory explain state changes?.5 What happens to the motion of particles in a solid?.3 How does energy affect the state particles are in?.2 How does particle movement affect a solid?.1 How does particle movement and energy affect a solid?. ![]() This describes the gas state, which we will consider in more detail elsewhere. If the particles of a substance have enough energy to completely overcome intermolecular interactions, then the particles can separate from each other and move about randomly in space. Here you see mercury in its common liquid form. Mercury has a relatively high surface tension, which makes it very unique. ![]() Mercury also has an ability to stick to itself (surface tension)-a property that all liquids exhibit. It is the only metal we know of that is liquid at room temperature. Particles are free to move over each other, but are still attracted to each other.Ī familiar liquid is mercury metal.No definite shape (takes the shape of its container).Liquids have the following characteristics: However, because the particles can move about each other rather freely, a liquid has no definite shape and takes a shape dictated by its container. In a liquid, the particles are still in close contact, so liquids have a definite volume. ![]() If the particles of a substance have enough energy to partially overcome intermolecular interactions, then the particles can move about each other while remaining in contact. Glass is one example of an amorphous solid. Some solids, especially those composed of large molecules, cannot easily organize their particles in such regular crystals and exist as amorphous (literally, “without form”) solids. ![]() ![]() ![]() In 20, the government introduced a new policy framework for managing government land, and made a number of changes including: ![]() These reviews highlighted the need for a long-term, strategic approach to managing surplus land. Past reviews have identified a lack of accountability and transparency in developments involving government land. This is particularly important in and around Melbourne, which is facing unprecedented population growth and land pressures. The government needs to manage its landholdings effectively and efficiently to ensure it is making best use of available resources. While the Victorian Government owns 8.8 million hectares of land-around 40 per cent of the state-almost 68 per cent of this is national parks and state forests. Over the past 10 financial years, the Department of Treasury and Finance (DTF) has sold 695 properties, generating over $928.7 million of sales revenue for the state. The sale of public land generates significant revenue for government and attracts strong community interest. As needs change, government land may become surplus to requirements. The need for governments to own land changes in response to population growth and shifting demand for public services. 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Sorry, your browser does not appear to support IFRAME's. We made two recommendations for DTF, five recommendations for DELWP, two recommendations for land-selling agencies, and a further four recommendations for DTF and DELWP. The audited agencies were the Department of Treasury and Finance (DTF), the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning (DELWP), the Department of Health and Human Services including the Director of Housing, the Department of Education and Training, and Victorian Rail Track.
![]() ![]() Metamorphosis no longer has its associated glitch, but it’s more common than it used to be, showing up on SSR Fusion Android 13, Mutating Monster Oolong, SSR Savage Battle Instinct Super Buu, and SSR Proudest in the Universe Final Form Coora. Prodigies is also an increasingly common link, and can be found on most forms of Piccolo and Vegeta, as well as Coora. He can go just about anywhere without holding the group back, and while he doesn’t link with anyone within his own type well, except for his Second Form self, you may find that that 7500 ATK of his makes him stronger than most linked characters anyway. ![]() He’s not quite as good as his links make him look because they’re mostly with Rs and/or off-types, but his ability to become a surprisingly strong SSR - Full Strength Tremor’s ATK is relatively high, even among SSRs, and his passive supplements this, putting him on par with some of the best damage dealers in the game - means Galaxy’s Most Evil’s ability to D-Awaken and link with his other self if you have a spare also increases his value.Ī good, versatile leader skill, higher-than-average ATK and DEF buffered by a good passive, the ever-destructive Universe’s Most Malevolent link, and the Metamorphisis link make the Emperor of Iniquity an adaptable acquisition. If you get an extra, consider hanging onto him instead of raising his Super to use both him and his SSR self. Full Strength Tremor is also Galaxy’s Most Evil’s most notable link partner, because they’re the same type, and can be used at once because they’re different forms. Galaxy’s Most Evil’s greatest attribute is that he Dokkan Awakens into his full-powered self, SSR Full Strength Tremor, though he loses Revival and gains Coward, which is a flat downgrade - although still allows him to link with Cyborg Tao - but otherwise his stats and the effectiveness of his skills increase. Thirst for Conquest is shared by some SSR boss characters, such as all forms of Coora and Turles, and it also popped up on Chilled and Proud Royalty King Vegeta. ![]() But moreso than Bardock’s case, his links with them are extremely powerful - although there are no other STR units with them except for one, limiting their effectiveness - so it may be worth using Brutal Battlefield Diva even though she’s not particularly great for this reason alone, even in an STR-focused team. A lot of link skills debut with Galaxy’s Most Evil Galactic Warrior is shared exclusively with his crew, including Brutal Battlefield Diva Zangya, and Hera Clan is too, so much like Bardock, he functions best with his team. Revival can be found in a number of places, such as SSR Terror Perfected Perfect Cell, A Monster Unleashed Majin Buu, Combative Will SS2 Vegeta, Reborn for Revenge Mecha Frieza, The Nightmare Returns Final Form Frieza, all Golden Friezas, and most notably Cyborg Tao, which supports his need for Ki through his leader skill, too. One of the few single type leader skills you can consider using in the SR tier, as 40% is quite a lot, but his passive is Ki-dependant, so you may want to be using a +Ki leader instead, unless you’re able to get a +Ki Friend for the mission, as said passive is pretty good. Carnage Awakens sets the stage for a new generation of great SRs. Prodigies also shows up on most Vegeta, Piccolo, and Frieza cards, the latter of which has two great units in TEQ. Godly Power isn’t going to be found outside of SSR territory for now, and Connoisseur is exclusively with Whis so far, but he does share The Innocents with Infinite Fighting Spirit Android 17, Titantic Tag Team Mighty Mask, Elite Offspring Kid Trunks, and others, which is a nice surprise, and because his strengths aren’t exclusive to being in an TEQ team, he can find a few spots in some multi-type teams with the same link. ![]() His ATK is also quite high, and is supplemented by his good passive, giving him just over a base 8000 ATK. Befitting of our feline overlord, his Super has the Extreme modifier, which is becoming increasingly common on SRs, but is nonetheless very rare, and his lowers DEF for good measure. One of the few single type +ATK leader skills that you could consider using, as 40% is a lot of damage, although +Ki leaders are almost always superior. If you get one, you should check whether you have good link candidates for them, and consider seeing if you can build around them without hurting your existing teams. They’re usually heavily versatile, extremely powerful, or both, and they can find themselves contributing to very powerful teams even SSR-heavy groups can find a place for these guys. These are the best SRs in the game, which many of which being on par with or outright superior to some SSRs. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() If you believe that Codeboxr has not adhered to this Statement, please contact Codeboxr, sabuj at We will use commercially reasonable efforts to promptly determine and remedy the problem.? Overview? 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Codeboxr is committed to protecting your privacy and developing technology that gives you the most powerful and safe online experience. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Young animals and people: das baby, das küken (chick), but der junge (boy).But learn non- das countries, such as der Irak, der Jemen, die Schweiz, die Türkei, die USA ) Geographic place names (towns, countries, continents): das Berlin, Deutschland, Brasilien, Afrika. ![]() Memorizing these rules will help you get gender right without having to guess-at least, not all the time! If you're going to guess, guess der. The highest percentage of German nouns are masculine. For most nouns, you will just have to know the gender. These guidelines work for many noun categories, but certainly not for all. There are some hints that can help you remember the gender of a German noun. Are you meeting someone at the lake ( am see) or by the sea ( an der see)? For example, das tor is the gate or portal, while der tor is the fool. Don't just learn garten (garden), learn der garten. Don't just learn tür (door), learn die tür. Not knowing a word's gender can lead to all sorts of other problems. It's enough to drive an English speaker crazy.Ī good general rule for learning German vocabulary is to treat the article of a noun as an integral part of the word. A German moon is masculine ( der mond), while a Spanish moon is feminine ( la luna). The word for "sun" is masculine in Spanish ( el sol) but feminine in German ( die sonne). There are three different German words for "ocean" or "sea," all with a different gender: der ozean, das meer, die see. Gender does not transfer well from one language to another. It is also reflected in the use of possessive adjectives such as sein( e) (his) or mein( e) (my), which are also called " ein-words."Īlthough nouns for people often follow natural gender, there are exceptions such as das mädchen (girl). This is a very important concept to learn. For masculine or neuter nouns, only ein is correct. For a feminine noun, only eine can be used (in the nominative case). Ein basically means "one" and like the definite article, it indicates the gender of the noun it goes with ( eine or ein). The indefinite article ("a" or "an" in English) is ein or eine in German. An English-speaker might say "nature is wonderful." In German, the article would also be included to say " die natur ist wunderschön." In German, the definite article is much more important than it is in English. That's why a “car” can be either das auto (neuter) or der wagen(masculine). It's not the actual person, place, or thing that has gender in German, but the word that stands for the actual thing. It's der wagen, but for learners new to the language it's not so easy to know which form to use.įorget linking gender to a specific meaning or concept. German speakers have had many years to learn whether wagen (car) is der or die or das. The masculine definite article (“the”) is der, the feminine is die, and the neuter form is das. German goes them one better and adds a third gender: neuter. Most world languages have nouns that are either masculine or feminine. ![]() |
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